The operation was an attempt by the Israeli army to stop the increasing deaths from terrorist attacks, especially in suicide bombings. In the documentary Bakri propagates that indeed a massacre of civilians occurred in Jenin. Operation Defensive Shield, in Hebrew: מבצע חומת מגן, 'Mivtsa Homat Magen' The main objective of the operation was to strike Palestinian terrorist infrastructures and put an end to the wave of terrorist attacks against Israeli citizens. The balance sheet is more positive than some accounts have suggested. As an extended result of the operation, the IDF reinforced its presence in the West Bank, improved its ability to track and apprehend suspected terrorists, and even created a new infantry brigade, the Kfir Brigade, to deal exclusively with counter-terror operations in the major Palestinian cities. A Tegart fort that had served as their headquarters was destroyed by an Israeli airstrike. This is not a forum for general discussion of the article's subject. Initially Israel welcomed an investigation, announcing that it would cooperate fully with the Secretary General's fact-finding effort. "[8] Cheryl Rubenberg writes that data and records held by Palestinian civilian institutions were systematically destroyed by the IDF; among the institutions affected were the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics (PCBS), the Palestinian Authority's Ministries of Culture, Education and Health, and the Palestine International Bank. The event became known as the Passover massacre. In his address to the nation on March 31, Sharon highlighted that his government had made every effort to reach a cease-fire but had now been forced to throw down in an uncompromising fashion. Talk:Operation Defensive Shield/Archive 1. [2] Approximately 7,000 Palestinians were detained by Israel[8] including 396 wanted suspects. Operation Defensive Shield: Surhone, Lambert M.: Amazon.nl Selecteer uw cookievoorkeuren We gebruiken cookies en vergelijkbare tools om uw winkelervaring te verbeteren, onze services aan te bieden, te begrijpen hoe klanten onze services gebruiken zodat we verbeteringen kunnen aanbrengen, en om advertenties weer te geven, inclusief op interesses gebaseerde advertenties. Posted on April 5, 2012 by arabagenda. The resolution was passed by a vote of 269 to 208, with 22 abstentions. 13 IDF soldiers were killed in this battle, the deadliest day for the IDF since the 1982 Lebanon War. [26] The Palestinians surrendered on April 8. Despite dramatized pictures of Arafat living in candle-lit quarters, Israel actually supplied the men inside with all necessities including electricity. [27] Palestinian commander Mahmoud Tawalbe was killed during the battle. On March 29, 2002 the Israeli army launched Operation Defensive Shield, the largest military offensive against Palestinian civilians since the 1948 Arab-Israeli War. Throughout the Battle of Jenin, and for a few days afterwards, the city and its refugee camp were under total closure. According to the review, Bakri has admitted to shortening his film by 25 min in the wake of criticism. The group held 46 priests and other personnel of the church as hostages, along with about 200 civilians, including children. The orders are clear: target and paralyze anyone who takes up weapons and tries to oppose our troops, resists them or endangers them - and to avoid harming the civilian population. Its publications are based on independent fi eldwork and research as well as offi cial sources, press reports, and data from Israeli, Pales- tinian, and international human rights … Rainbow Six Siege Guide | Page 45 of 71 | hXcHector.com . A rapid ground attack would clearly be costly in IDF lives, but political pressure from the United States and elsewhere required a rapid end to the fighting. : Put new text under old text. Click here to start a new topic. The attack became known as the Passover massacre. In his speech about the operation to the Knesset in early April, Sharon more clearly outlined Israel’s goals: On March 29, IDF infantry and armor, supported by air force helicopters, made their way into a number of the major Palestinian cities of the West Bank, including Bethlehem, Nablus, Ramallah, Tulkarm, Qalqilya, and Tubas, to initiate Operation “Defensive Shield.” Except for Hebron and Jericho, the IDF planned to spread its forces throughout the entirety of the Palestinian territory. Multiple deaths were also caused by refusal (whether enforced by militia groups or voluntary is disputed) of Palestinian families to leave their houses, of which specific bulldozers, clearing the way for operations, were not alerted of on a house-to-house basis (See Israel-Gaza war 2008-2009 for similar issues; where IDF warnings were continually issued that specific houses carrying munitions were to be targeted, with Hamas response of forcing families to remain inside their houses. Those terrorists who managed to escape the city through the mountains northeast to Tubas and Taluza were eventually all located and arrested by IDF forces in the coming months. [citation needed], During the fighting, 30 Israeli soldiers were killed and 127 were wounded, while 497 Palestinians were killed and 1,447 were wounded according to a United Nations investigation. Overall, in March 2002, some 130 Israelis including approximately 100 noncombatants were killed in Palestinian attacks, while a total of 238 Palestinians including at least 83 noncombatants were killed in the same month by the IDF. On March 10 the siege ended, with a deal seeing some militants deported to the Gaza Strip, and the rest exiled to Cyprus. “Terrorists Take Hostages at the Church of the Nativity in Bethlehem,” Take-A-Pen. March 2002 became known in Israel as "Black March". [37], IDF Reserve Paratroop Battalion 55 entered Tulkarm with armored support. The IDF occupied the city after several hours of street fighting in which some 30 Palestinians were killed. The fighting between the two sides lasted for several hours until soldiers from the elite Shayetet-13 commando unit were able to rescue the trapped force. During the operation, the IDF arrested over 100 Palestinians and discovered several explosives laboratories. Patrick Pereg - 30 (Rosh Ha'ayin) Milton-Edwards concludes that, "The unequivocal victory [sought by Israel] eventually remained elusive and the Israelis and Palestinians resumed a variety of forms of low intensity warfare with each other.". According to Yediot Aharonot, Israel's refusal to allow Spanish EU officials Javier Solana and Josep Pique into the Mukataa to meet with Yasser Arafat, while allowing American envoy Anthony Zinni to enter, was the "straw that broke the camel's back". Shots were fired at the troops, killing one of the gendarmes. The spark that gave rise to the action was the March 27 suicide bombing at a hotel in the Israeli resort city of Netanya. Shin Bet retaliated by releasing an official account that branded Rajoub as a traitor for turning over the fugitives in a CIA-brokered deal, costing Rajoub his job. “The Palestinians have entered into bilateral agreements [with the Holy See] in which they undertake to maintain and respect the status quo regarding the Christian holy places and the rights of Christian communities,” the Archbishop said on Vatican Radio. In 2002 Mohammed Bakri, a prominent Arab actor and Israeli citizen, directed and produced a documentary Jenin, Jenin, to portray "the Palestinian truth" about the "Battle of Jenin". Arafat was given refuge in a few of the compound's rooms, along assorted advisors, security personnel and journalists. Much of the fighting during Operation Defensive Shield occurred in areas heavily populated by civilians and in many cases heavy weaponry was used. Instead of using heavy artillery and air force jets to pound the areas swarming with Palestinian terrorists, however, the IDF decided to send infantry soldiers and tanks to conduct house to house fighting in order to minimize civilian casualties and collateral damage. During a series of sweeps, the Israeli military claimed the entire camp was booby-trapped. "[48] However, Israeli government receptivity to cooperating with the UN fact-finding mission decreased when Kofi Annan did not appoint a predominantly technical team with specialized military and forensic expertise, but rather political-administrative figures without such specialized skills (including Cornelio Sommaruga, controversial for previous "Red Swastika" remarks),[49] and after Palestinian officials reduced the casualty toll in Jenin on May 1, 2002. “We had to be victorious mainly over ourselves, overcome the fear and enter a densely populated area saturated with explosives and enemies. The editors argue that Operation Defensive Shield is a prelude to Israel's ethnic cleansing of the Palestinians. Language; Watch; Edit; Active discussions < Talk:Operation Defensive Shield. Islamic Jihad terrorist Tabaat Mardawi claimed later that Palestinian fighters had planted “between 1,000 and 2,000 bombs and booby traps” throughout the camp, some that weighed over 100 KG and had the ability to destroy a tank. Posted on June 22, 2015 July 9, 2015 by jjudithbbrown. [7], Human Rights Watch determined that "Israeli forces committed serious violations of international humanitarian law, some amounting prima facie to war crimes. According to Amnesty, "the IDF acted as though the main aim was to punish all Palestinians." Human Rights Watch found no evidence to sustain claims of massacres or large-scale extrajudicial executions by the IDF in Jenin refugee camp. CAMERA made a review of the two documentary films. Many militants withdrew to the western part of the city, where they were attacked by the Paratroopers Brigade. Operation Defensive Shield began on March 29 as Israeli military forces launched into the West Bank to seize control of the city of Ramallah. 30 Palestinians were killed in fighting and approximately 700 were arrested. It was the largest military operation in the West Bank since the 1967 Six-Day War. During the fighting, 30 Israeli soldiers were killed and 127 were wounded, while 497 Palestinians were killed and 1,447 were wounded according to a United Nations investigation. “To explain the gravity of the current situation, let me begin with the fact that the occupation of the holy places by armed men is a violation of a long tradition of law that dates to the Ottoman era. [36], The UN report on the subject noted: "It was not only the Palestinian people whose movement was restricted during Operation Defensive Shield. “Arafat heads a coalition of terror. The Vatican officially warned Israel to respect the religious site and ensure no damage was caused while Holy See Undersecretary of State, Archbishop Jean-Louis Tauran, condemned the Palestinian gunmen who entered the area. Israeli troops used loudspeakers to announce that the compound's four buildings were to be destroyed and demand that everyone inside step out. One of the operation’s first objectives entailed placing a siege around the Mukata’a in Ramallah, the official office building and presidential compound of PA Chairman Yasser Arafat. Palestinian resistance was halted following the adoption of the bulldozer method, and most residents of the Hawashin neighorhood surrendered before it was leveled. Eventually, however, both Human Rights Watch and the United Nations published reports that showed only about 52 to 56 Palestinians were killed, of whom about half or more were terrorists. In September 2000, following the breakdown of peace talks between Israel and the Palestinians at Camp David, the Palestinians launched the Second Intifada. "And then they collapsed a house on top of it." There were also cases of Israeli forces not respecting the neutrality of medical and humanitarian workers and attacking ambulances. A Palestinian suicide bomber detonated himself amongst a crowd during Passover seder at the Park Hotel, killing 30 mostly elderly vacationers. “Operation Defensive Shield was first and foremost a question of decision making,” says Col. Amir Baram. Overall, 23 Israeli soldiers were killed in the battle for Jenin and another 50 were wounded. Click for larger resolution. According to the United Jewish Communities, Israel made a number of points regarding the team's methodology, in order to "safeguard the impartiality of its work. The Israeli army surrounded and isolated the Balata refugee camp after a night of intense fighting. While denying that such destruction was systematic, the Israeli Defence Forces have admitted that their personnel engaged in some acts of vandalism, and are carrying out some related prosecutions. Golani forces focused their attack on the casbah where they engaged in heavy street fighting with terrorists and used bulldozers to demolish buildings that housed enemy militants. Barghouti was later tried in Israel and sentenced to life imprisonment. 2003 also saw a 35 percent drop in the number of fatalities from 220 deaths in 2002 to 142 deaths resulting from suicide bombings. Learn more. Bell, Stewart (April 15, 2002). Hamas Second Intifada Operation Defensive Shield Operation Pillar Of Cloud Izz Ad-Din Al-Qassam Brigades, Symbol PNG is a 934x1023 PNG image with a transparent background. The IDF attacked Ramallah with a combined infantry and armor force supported by attack helicopters. Roman Shliapstein, 22, of Ma’ale Efraim - were killed in the course of operations in Ramallah. He operates a strategy of terror. Hundreds of heavily armed police officers and prisoners wanted by Israel were inside. The following day, a Palestinian gunman infiltrated into the Israeli settlement of Elon Moreh and killed four members of the same family. Operation Defensive Shield was characterized by extensive curfews on civilian populations and restrictions, indeed occasional prohibitions, on the movement of international personnel, including at times humanitarian and medical personnel as well as human rights monitors and journalists. The following night, Prime Minister Ariel Sharon green-lighted Operation “Defensive Shield,” explaining to his inner Cabinet members that, “The Palestinians must be hit, and it must be very painful ... We must cause them losses, victims, so that they feel a heavy price.” With the operation okayed, the Israeli Defense Ministry proceeded to issue an emergency call-up for more than 20,000 reserve soldiers, the largest such action since the 1982 Lebanon War, and put the army and air force on high alert. Thirteen Israeli soldiers were killed and three of the bodies were captured before a Shayetet 13 naval commando unit could retrieve them. The main attack focused on the Nablus Casbah. [19][20] The same day, two Israelis were stabbed in the Gaza settlement of Netzarim. Operation Defensive Shield: The Israeli Actions in the West Bank Apr 10, 2002 MENU W Brief Analysis hat has Israel accomplished in its ongoing and large-scale operations in the West Bank? “Palestinian Fighter Describes ‘Hard Fight’ in Jenin,” CNN, (April 23, 2002). The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) is the largest country in the Arabian Peninsula. Fear was embedded in the Israeli DNA". [31] The Vatican warned Israel not to damage the church, which marks the site of the birth of Jesus. Hundreds of police officers and fugitives emerged from the compound and surrendered to the Israeli army, and the facility was damaged by rockets. Operation “Defensive Shield” was a large-scale military operation undertaken by the Israel Defense Forces against Palestinian terrorists in the West Bank. The balance sheet is more positive than some accounts have suggested. The European Parliament passed a non-binding resolution calling for economic sanctions on Israel, an arms embargo on both parties, and for the European Union to "suspend immediately" its trade and cooperation agreement with Israel. “Last of ‘Nativity Church Crusaders’ Left Cyprus,” Ynet, (November 26, 2002). March 29, 2002. This site provides an overview of Operation Shield, and how it safeguards employees and visitors to federal facilities. Operation Defensive Shield: Witnesses to Israeli War Crimes: Hamzeh, Muna, May, Todd: Amazon.sg: Books The Israel Defense Forces invaded Tulkarm and Qalqilya on April 1, Bethlehem the next day, Jenin and Nablus the next. "[14], The Palestinian attachment to the UN report on Operation Defensive Shield challenged the validity of the Israeli claim that it was targeting "terrorists," noting that, "[...] the record shows clearly that the nature of the actions taken, the amount of harm inflicted on the population and the practical results prove completely different political goals [...] the Israeli occupying forces have consistently targeted the Palestinian police and security forces, instead of 'terrorists', and have consistently tried to destroy the Palestinian Authority and declared it an 'enemy', instead of groups hostile to peace in the Middle East. Palestinian attacks continued, with suicide bombings on 9 March (see Café Moment bombing),[15] 20 March,[16] and 21 March. This is the talk page for discussing improvements to the Operation Defensive Shield article. Palestinian militants abandoned their weapons and melted into the local population, and nine were killed by the IDF. Discover Black voices on Audible. On April 5, the Palestinians were still holding strong in most of the camp while seven IDF soldiers had already been killed in fighting. Fearless and inspiring. "At this point, we're not involved in Operation Defensive Shield No . Most of the international reporting on the fierce battle in Jenin focused on the accusations that the IDF had led a brutal massacre of hundreds of Palestinian civilians, and then quickly buried them in mass graves. Operation "Defensive Shield" (Hebrew: מבצע חומת מגן ‎ Mivtza Homat Magen, literally "Operation Defensive Wall") was a large-scale military operation conducted by the Israel Defense Forces in 2002 during the course of the Second Intifada.It was the largest military operation in the West Bank since the 1967 Six-Day War.The stated goal of the operation was to stop terrorist attacks. A great deal of the media attention to Operation Defensive Shield centered around Palestinians claims of a large scale massacre in Jenin and Palestinian cabinet minister Saeb Erekat was widely quoted by the press as saying there were 500 massacred Palestinians in the Israeli assault on Jenin. It was the largest military operation in the West Bank since the 1967 Six-Day War. Never before have they been occupied - for such a lengthy time - by armed men.”. Operation Shield is an ongoing program created to increase the visual presence of law enforcement at FPS-protected facilities to deter terrorist or criminal activity. Operation Defensive Shield: The Israeli Actions in the West Bank. TV pictures create a distorted image of the extent of the damage. Operation Defensive shield was a decisive turning point in the Second Intifada, though it did not stop terror attacks immediately. “Report on Israeli Actions in Occupied Palestinian Territory,” UN Secretary General. [7], The UN report on the subject says, "Combatants on both sides conducted themselves in ways that, at times, placed civilians in harm's way. The IDF arrested more than 700 people, among them Marwan Barghouti, a top Palestinian militant leader suspected of directing numerous suicide bombings and other attacks against Israelis. If you wish to start a new discussion or revive an old one, please do so on the current talk page. [34] Weapons stolen from the IDF were also discovered. Following the reoccupation of Nablus during Israel's Operation Defensive Shield in 2002, Jewish groups returned there intermittently. Ramallah was then placed under a tight curfew as soldiers conducted searches and made arrests. During Operation Defensive Shield of 2002, regional supply centres were established, detention centres were created for all the regional brigades, as well as a command detention centre. מבצע חומת מגן (2002) - הוקמו מרכזי אספקה אזוריים, הוקמו מתקני מעצר בכל החטיבות המרחביות והוקם מתקן מעצר פיקודי. Retrouvez Operation Defensive Shield: Witnesses to Israeli War Crimes et des millions de livres en stock sur Amazon.fr. There was much concern at the time about possible human rights violations occurring in the camp. One such rumor was a grocery store owner near Jenin who spoke of seeing Israeli troops using a refrigerated truck to hold the bodies of massacred Palestinians, which he said was still parked on a nearby hill. [35], The Israelis forced the hundreds of policemen and fugitives who surrendered to strip naked, fearing that some were armed or packed with explosives. Zakaria Zubeidi was among the only fighters who did not surrender and managed to escape. From September 2000 through the end of February 2002, nearly 300 Israeli’s were murdered by Palestinian terrorists, many in such heinous attacks as the suicide bombings at the Tel Aviv Dolphinarium Discotheque in June 2001 that killed 21 teenagers and the Jerusalem Sbarro Pizza shop in August 2001 in which 15 people were killed. At 7:00 AM on April 11, the Palestinians began to surrender, most later saying that there was nothing they could do to hide from the bulldozers. Former defense minister Shaul Mofaz promised combat-operations would be over by April 6, but that was clearly impossible. Allegations of a massacre in Jenin were spread by Palestinians in order to create pressure on Israel to halt the operation. One of the main triggers of the operation was the March 27, 2002 attack at the Park Hotel in Netanya. Instigated by their own leaders, Palestinians initiated the Second Intifada in September 2000 and quickly starting using the perfidious and lethal tactics of terror - roadside sniper attacks, IED’s, and suicide bombings. They provide historical context, a chronology, and an analysis of the conflict that situates the horror of these days in their proper perspective. Thirty minutes before the Shaldag unit arrived, however, a force of between 100 and 180 Palestinian gunmen barricaded themselves inside the church and set off a battle and siege that gripped headlines all over the world. According to a British military expert, he was killed by an Israeli bulldozer, while the Palestinians claimed that blew himself up to collapse a house on Israeli soldiers. The final catalyst for action occurred on March 27 when a Palestinian terrorist detonated himself inside a hotel in the Israeli coastal city of Netanya during a 250-person Passover seder.
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